Chicago's police chief was ousted on Tuesday after days of protest over a white officer's shooting of a black teenager 16 times and the department's refusal to release a video of the killing for more than a year.
Mayor Rahm Emanuel announced during a news conference that he had asked Garry McCarthy, police superintendent since May 2011, to resign. Emanuel also said he was creating a new police accountability task force.
The white officer, Jason Van Dyke, was charged a week ago with first-degree murder in the 2014 killing of Laquan McDonald. The video, from a patrol car's dashboard camera, was released on the same day.
High-profile killings of black men at the hands of mainly white law enforcement officers in U.S. cities have fueled demonstrations for some two years, stoking a national debate on race relations and police tactics.
Emanuel, a Democrat and former chief of staff to President Barack Obama, said he was responsible for what happened in the case, the same as the police superintendent. He said the creation of the task force was meant to rebuild trust in the police department of one of the country's largest cities.
The mayor said McCarthy had become "a distraction." In an editorial on Tuesday, the Chicago Sun-Times had called for McCarthy's resignation and the Chicago City Council black caucus and some protesters had also called for him to leave.
About 150 demonstrators endured nearly freezing temperatures to rally outside Chicago police headquarters on Tuesday evening, in a protest led by the city's chapter of the Black Lives Matter group.
"We have built a resistance movement and put pressure at the highest offices in both the police department and City Hall," said demonstrator Damon Williams, 23. "This is a very long fight and we have a lot more work to do."
The Conference of National Black Churches applauded McCarthy's dismissal.
Dean Angelo, president of Chicago's Fraternal Order of Police, expressed surprise at McCarthy's ouster. "We thought the mayor was supportive of the superintendent," he said.
Policing and street violence have emerged as leading issues for Emanuel since his election in April to a second term after being forced into a runoff. The mayor, McCarthy and Cook County State's Attorney Anita Alvarez have faced criticism for taking 13 months to release the video of the shooting and to charge Van Dyke.
By naming a commission and removing McCarthy, Emanuel could be hoping to deflect criticism of his own handling of the case. Soon after Emanuel's re-election, the city agreed to a $5 million settlement with the 17-year-old's family.
The video shows Van Dyke shooting McDonald in the middle of a street on 20 October 2014, as McDonald was walking away from police who had confronted him. Protests followed the charging of Van Dyke and the release of the video on 24 November.
Van Dyke, 37, was released from jail on Monday after posting bail of $1.5 million.
A civil rights leader, the Reverend Jesse Jackson, urged an independent investigation led by a special prosecutor.
Jim Pasco, executive director of the Fraternal Order of Police, said: "Blame Rahm Emanuel. He hired McCarthy, he set his parameters, and he fired him."
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People President Cornell William Brooks accused the city of "generational police misconduct and police brutality."
Emanuel said the new five-member task force would be advised by former Massachusetts Governor and Chicago native Deval Patrick. A former government civil rights lawyer, Patrick said he hoped to help restore the community's confidence in the police and rebuild the system of accountability.
The panel, due to make its recommendations by 31 March, aims to boost independent oversight of police misconduct, ensure officers with repeated complaints are evaluated and forge a process for releasing videos of police incidents, Emanuel said.
Federal authorities have had an open criminal investigation into the shooting since April, and the U.S. Department of Justice might still investigate the police force, as it did in Ferguson, Missouri, and Baltimore following deaths involving officers and unarmed black men.
On Tuesday afternoon, Illinois Attorney General Lisa Madigan called on the DOJ's civil rights division to investigate Chicago police practices, including use of deadly force and the adequacy of its investigation of misconduct allegations.
In another incident, a lawyer representing the family of a 25-year-old man killed by Chicago police on 12 October 2014, told reporters a dashboard camera video of the shooting that would challenge the police version of events could be released by court order as early as 10 December.
Ronald Johnson III was running from police when Officer George Hernandez arrived and seconds later shot him in the back, lawyer Michael Oppenheimer said. Police said Johnson had a gun and turned toward officers before being shot.
